उपभोक्ता शिक्षा एवं अनुसंधान केंद्र बनाम भारत संघ
| Citation | (1995) 3 SCC 42 |
| Court | Supreme Court of India |
| Date | 27 January 1995 |
| Year | 1995 |
| Bench | A.M. Ahmadi CJI, M.M. Punchhi, K. Ramaswamy JJ. |
| Acts/Articles | Article 21, Article 39, Article 41, Article 43, Factories Act |
| Category | Constitutional Law, Service & Employment Law |
Key Principle Established
Right to life under Article 21 includes right to health, hygienic working conditions, and medical care during and after employment. Employers must ensure safe working conditions.
A PIL was filed regarding the health hazards faced by workers in the asbestos industry. The petition highlighted the dangers of asbestos exposure and the lack of adequate safety measures and health facilities for workers.
The Supreme Court held that right to health and medical care is a fundamental right under Article 21. The Court directed:
This judgment established occupational health as a fundamental right. It has been relied upon extensively in cases involving worker safety, industrial hazards, and employer liability for occupational diseases. It broadened Article 21 to include health and safety at the workplace.
(1982) 1 SCC 618
Equal pay for equal work is a constitutional goal derivable from Articles 14, 16, and 39(d) read together.
Read Analysis(1996) 11 SCC 77
Contractual employee retained beyond tenure cannot be terminated without following principles of natural justice.
Read Analysis(2002) 1 SCC 187
Settled seniority cannot be disturbed retrospectively. Reopening seniority after long gap causes grave prejudice.
Read AnalysisThis judgment summary is for educational and research purposes. While care has been taken to accurately represent the ratio and findings, for authoritative reference always consult the original judgment text from official sources (SCC Online, AIR, Manupatra, or court websites).
22+ years of practice before Punjab & Haryana High Court and Supreme Court of India.